Fig. 1
From: The emerging roles of SUMOylation in the tumor microenvironment and therapeutic implications
The SUMO procedure diagram and its function in various tumors. SUMO proteins are firstly processed by SENP, and after the formation of a high-energy thioester bond between the C-terminal SUMO and active site cysteine of SAE1/2, activated SUMO is then transferred to a cysteine residue in the active site of Ubc9. It is finally transferred to a target lysine with the help of Ubc9 and SUMO E3 ligase. The expression and functions in different tumors of SUMO E1, E2, E3 ligases and SENPs are also depicted in this figure