Fig. 6

Heterogeneity analysis of CD⁺8 T cells between primary and metastatic lesions; (A). Subcluster of CD⁺8 T distribution between primary and metastatic lesions using UMAP-2 analysis; (B). Percentage of four CD⁺8 T subclusters between primary and metastasis lesions; (C). Violin plots showing normalized marker gene expression levels across four subclusters of CD⁺8 T cells; (D). DEGs in metastasis identified using edgeR package with comparison to primary lesion. Scatter plots showing respective DEG profiles in PCa. Red spots indicate up-regulated genes; green spots indicate no significant gene change; (E). Functional DEG enrichment analysis; (F). GSEA heatmap of 50 hallmark gene sets in MSigDB database among four CD⁺8 T cell subclusters