Immune related biomarkers for cancer metastasis to the brain

Table 1 Studies on circulating immune cells in patients with brain metastasis

Primary Cancer	Pre-Treatment	Number of patients	Biomarker	Method	Sample type	Cut-off	HR/OR	95%CI	P value	Follow- up	Prognosis	References
Melanoma	SRS, ICI	99	Lymphocyte count	Lymphocyte count	Blood	1000/µL	0.46	0.23–0.94	0.03	15.5 mos	NR	[54]
NSCLC	No	210	NLR	Blood count	Blood	NR	1.12	1.01–1.23	< 0.05	NR	NR	[55]
NSCLC	Surgery	34	MDSC	FACS	Blood	Median value	NR	NR	NR	NR	worse OS	[57]
NSCLC	Surgery	34	Treg	FACS	Blood	Median value	NR	NR	NR	NR	worse OS	[57]
Multiple	SRS	22	MDSC	FACS	Blood	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	RN	[59]

No no treatment, NSCLC Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, NR not reported, HR hazard ratio, OR odds ratio, FACS Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting, NLR neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte, MDSC Myeloid-derived suppressor cells, SRS stereotactic radiosurgery, ICI immune checkpoint inhibitor, RN radiation necrosis, mos months

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