Table 2 Organ tropism of AL amyloidosis related to IgL germline genes
Light chain germline gene | Organ tropism | Other associated features | |
|---|---|---|---|
κ light chain | ~ 20 | Better survival outcome after ASCT [90] | |
|  |  | ↑ Soft tissue involvement [85] |  |
|  |  | ↑ Bone involvement [85] |  |
IGKV1-05 | 2 | May ↓ renal involvement [87] | Inferior overall survival [87] |
|  |  | May ↑ advanced cardiac disease [87] |  |
IGKV1-33 | 5 | ↑ Hepatic involvement [87] | High circulating dFLC [87] |
|  |  | May ↓ peripheral nerve involvement [87] |  |
IGKV3-20 | 2 | Localized AL amyloidosis [87] | – |
IGKV4-01 | 5 | ↑ Gastrointestinal involvement [88] |  |
|  |  | ↑ Soft tissue involvement [88] |  |
λ light chain | ~ 80 |  |  |
IGLV1-44 | 6 | ↓ Rate of trisomies [87] | |
| Â | Â | Â | |
|  |  | ↓ Hepatic involvement [88] |  |
IGLV2-08 | 3 | ↑ Lung involvement [88] | Associated with IgM light chain amyloidosis [88] |
IGLV2-14 | 9 | ↑ Gastrointestinal localized AL [87] | ↑ Intact immunoglobulin [87] |
|  |  | May ↑ cardiac involvement [82] | |
|  |  | May ↑ peripheral nerve involvement [87], but another study did not support this finding [88] | Associated with IgM light chain amyloidosis [88] |
|  |  | May ↑ multisystem involvement [82] |  |
IGLV3-01 | 9 | May ↑ cardiac involvement [82] | – |
| Â | Â | Â | |
| Â | Â | Â | |
|  |  | May ↓ renal involvement [87] |  |
IGLV3-19 | 2 | May ↑ cardiac involvement [87] |  |
IGLV3-21 | 5 | ↓ Renal involvement [87] | ↑ Rate of monosomy 13q [87] |
IGLV6-57 | 13 | ↑ Rate of t(11;14) [87] | |
|  |  | ↓ Rate of trisomies [87] | |
| Â | Â | Â | Better survival outcome after ASCT [81] |