Fig. 4From: Ubiquitin-specific protease 28: the decipherment of its dual roles in cancer developmentThe underlying mechanisms of USP28 in promoting cancer progression. USP28 can promote the development of cancer through deubiquitinating lots of substrates related to tumor progression. A USP28 can promote the progression of cell cycle, aerobic glycolysis and then contribute to the enhancement of cell proliferation. B USP28 accelerates angiogenesis through the mediation of HIF-1α and c-Myc. C Promotion of EMT and metastasis can be induced by USP28. D USP28 suppresses cell differentiation through its deubiquitination on NICD1, LSD1 and Lin28A. E USP28 functions on maintaining cancer stem cell-like characteristics. CD44 cluster of differentiation-44, CDK6 Cyclin-dependent kinase 6, Chk1 checkpoint kinase 1, CLDN7 claudin-7, CSC cancer stem cell, EMT epithelial-mesenchymal transition, FBP1 fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase 1, FOX the Forkhead box, HIF-1α hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, HK2 hexokinase 2, LDHA lactate dehydrogenase A, let-7 lethal-7, LSD1 lysine specific demethylase 1, NICD1 NOTCH1 intracellular domain, Oct4 octamer-binding transcription factor 4, PKM2 M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase, SOX SRY-related HMG box-containing, STAT3 signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, USP28 ubiquitin-specific protease 28Back to article page