Table 1 The clinical trials of CAR T cell target to solid tumors^a

MSLN

Colorectal Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Advanced Solid Tumor, Mesothelioma, Metastatic Liver Cancer, Cervical Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Mesothelioma, Lung Cancer, Gut Microbiota

αPD1-MSLN-CAR T cells; CTLA-4/PD-1 antibodies expressing mesoCAR-T; Mesothelin-directed CAR T cells; RD133; Fludarabine; Aldesleukin

I, II

NCT04503980, NCT05089266, NCT03182803, NCT04489862, NCT03747965, NCT03545815, NCT03030001, NCT03615313, NCT05166070, NCT01583686, NCT02930993, NCT04981691, NCT03323944, NCT05373147, NCT05141253, NCT05344976, NCT03941626

B7H3 (CD276)

Pediatric Solid Tumor, Germ Cell Tumor, Retinoblastoma, Hepatoblastoma, Wilms Tumor, Rhabdoid Tumor, Carcinoma, Osteosarcoma, Ewing Sarcoma, Rhabdomyosarcoma, Neuroblastoma, Adrenocortical Cancer, Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor, Gastric Cancer, Lung Cancer, Ovarian Cancer

Second generation 4-1BBζ B7H3-EGFRt-DHFR (selected) and a second generation 4-1BBζ CD19-Her2tG; Targeting CD276 autologous chimeric antigen receptor T cells; Fludarabine, Cyclophosphamide, MESNA, B7-H3 CAR T cells; EGFR/ B7H3-positive Advanced Lung Cancer, EGFR/ B7H3-positive Advanced Triple-negative Breast Cancer; Fludarabine, Cyclophosphamide

I, II

NCT04483778, NCT04691713, NCT04897321, NCT04864821, NCT05211557, NCT05323201, NCT04670068, NCT05515185, NCT05190185

EGFR

PD-1 Antibody, CAR-T Cells, Advanced Solid Tumor, Pediatric Solid Tumor, Germ Cell Tumor, Retinoblastoma, Hepatoblastoma, Wilms Tumor, Rhabdoid Tumor, Carcinoma, Osteosarcoma, Ewing Sarcoma, Rhabdomyosarcoma, Advanced Solid Tumor, PD-1 Antibody, CAR-T Cells, Advanced Malignancies, Solid Tumor, Adult, EGFR Overexpression, Non Small Cell Lung Cancer, Biological: CXCR5 modified EGFR Chimeric Antigen Receptor Autologous T cells

HerinCAR-PD1 cells; second generation 4-1BB#, EGFR806-EGFRt, second generation 4-1BB#, EGFR806-EGFRt and a second generation 4 1BB# CD19-Her2Tg; anti-CTLA-4/PD-1 expressing EGFR-CAR-T; HerinCAR-PD1 cells; EGFR/ B7H3-positive Advanced Lung Cancer, EGFR/ B7H3-positive Advanced Triple-negative Breast Cancer

I, II

NCT02862028, NCT03618381, NCT03182816, NCT02873390, NCT04976218, NCT04153799, NCT05060796, NCT01218867

GD2

Neuroblastoma, Neuroblastoma Recurrent, GD2-positive Solid Tumors, Osteosarcoma, Ewing Sarcoma, Sarcoma, Melanoma, GD2 Positive Glioma, CAR-T Cell Immunotherapy

GD2-CART01; Anti-GD2-CAR engineered T cells, AP1903, Cyclophosphamide; CAR-T cell Immunotherapy; iC9-GD2 T Cells – frozen, iC9-GD2 T Cells – fresh, Cytoxan, Fludara, Keytruda, iC9-GD2 T cells; 4SCAR-GD2; iC9.GD2.CAR.IL-15 T cells, Cyclophosphamide, Fludarabine;

I, II

NCT03373097, NCT02107963, NCT03252171, NCT01822652, NCT02992210; NCT03721068, NCT03635632

HER2

Gastric Cancer, Breast Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Sarcoma, Bladder Cancer, Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Cancer of the Salivary Gland, Lung Cancer, Esophageal Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, Glioma, Bile Duct Cancer, Biliary Tract Cancer, Peritoneal Carcinoma Metastatic, Pleural Effusion, Malignant, Sarcoma

CAR T cell therapy; CCT303-406; CAdVEC; Anti-HER2 CAR-T; CT-0508; Dual-targeting HER2 and PD-L1 CAR-T cells; cells; Pembrolizumab Injectable Product, Nivolumab Injectable Product, Lymphodepletion Chemotherapy

I, II

NCT04650451, NCT04511871, NCT03740256, NCT02713984, NCT04660929, NCT04684459, NCT04995003

MUC1

Advanced Solid Tumor, Breast Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Non Small Cell Lung Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer, Renal Cell Carcinoma, Nasopharyngeal Cancer, Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Gastric Cancer, Fallopian Tube Cancer, Triple Negative Breast Cancer, Multiple Myeloma, Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, Malignant Glioma of Brain, Advanced Esophageal Cancer

Anti-CTLA-4/PD-1 expressing MUC1-CAR-T; P-MUC1C-ALLO1 CAR-T cells, Rimiducid, CART-TnMUC1, Cyclophosphamide, Fludarabine, anti-MUC1 CAR-pNK cells

I, II

NCT03179007, NCT02587689, NCT05239143, NCT04025216, NCT02839954, NCT03706326, NCT02617134

NKG2D

Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Glioblastoma, Medulloblastoma, Colon Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Triple Negative Breast Cancer, Sarcoma, Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Prostate Cancer, Gastric Cancer, Glioma, Malignancy, Refractory Cancer, Relapsed Cancer, CRC

NKG2D-based CAR T-cells; Adoptive Cell Transfer of NKG2DL-targetting Chimeric Antigen Receptor-grafted Gamma Delta T cell; KD-025 CAR-T cells

I

NCT05131763, NCT04270461, NCT04107142, NCT05302037, NCT05382377, NCT04550663

CEA

Lung Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Liver Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer, Gastric Cancer, Breast Cancer, Esophageal Cancer, Stomach Cancer, Metastatic Tumor, Recurrent Cancer

CEA CAR-T cells, Anti-CEA CAR-T cells, gemcitabine/nab paclitaxel, NLIR + FU/FA, Capecitabine

I, II, III

NCT04348643, NCT03818165, NCT04037241, NCT05396300, NCT05415475, NCT05240950

EpCAM

Advanced Solid Tumor, Neoplasms, Malignant Neoplasm of Nasopharynx TNM Staging Distant Metastasis (M), Breast Cancer Recurrent, Colon Cancer, Esophageal Carcinoma, Pancreatic Cancer, Prostate Cancer, Gastric Cancer, Hepatic Carcinoma

TM4SF1- and EpCAM-positive chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy; CAR-T cells recognizing EpCAM

I, II

NCT02915445, NCT03013712

Nectin4/FAP

Nectin4-positive Advanced Malignant Solid Tumor

Biological: CAR-T therapy for nectin4-positive malignant solid tumor

I

NCT03932565

LOH

Solid Tumor, Adult Colorectal Cancer, Non Small Cell Lung Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer, CRC, NSCLC, Pancreas Cancer

Other: Leukapheresis, Diagnostic Test: Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), Diagnostic Test: Long Range NGS HLA typing

NA

NCT04981119

CD22

Solid Tumor, Adult, Cervical Cancer, Sarcoma, NSCLC

Biological: Autologous aPD-L1 armored anti-CD22 CAR T cells

I

NCT04556669

Claudin18.2

Advanced Solid Tumor, Gastric Cancer, Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Drug: CAR-CLDN18.2 T-Cells, Drug: PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody, Drug: Chemotherapy, Drug: Cell injection, Drug: IBI345

I

NCT03874897, NCT05284968, NCT03890198, NCT04467853, NCT05472857, NCT05393986, NCT05199519, NCT04966143

CLDN6

Solid Tumor

Biological: CLDN6 CAR-T, Biological: CLDN6 RNA-LPX

I,II

NCT04503278

LeY

Advanced Cancer

Biological: LeY CAR T cells

I

NCT03851146

Glypican 3

Liver Cancer, Rhabdomyosarcoma, Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor, Liposarcoma, Wilms Tumor, Yolk Sac Tumor

Genetic: AGAR T cells, Drug: Cytoxan, Genetic: CARE T cells, Drug: Cytoxan, Genetic: GAP T cells, Drug: Cytoxan, Drug: Fludara

I

NCT04377932, NCT05103631, NCT04715191, NCT02932956, NCT04093648

PSCA

Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer, Metastatic Prostate Cancer, Metastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer, Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Biological: BPX-601, Drug: Rimiducid

I, II

NCT02744287

ROR1

Triple Negative Breast Cancer, TNBC-Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, Non Small Cell Lung Cancer Metastatic, Non-Small Cell Carcinoma of Lung, TNM Stage 4, Advanced Breast Cancer, Advanced Lung Carcinoma, NSCLC, Recurrent, and 5 more

Biological: LYL797

I

NCT05274451

Treatment for CRS

Solid Tumor, Hematological Malignancy

Drug: Metoprolol, Drug: metoprolol, infliximab, etanercept, tocilizumab and/or other agents

I, II

NCT04082910

PSMA

Bladder Cancer, Urothelial Carcinoma Bladder, Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant, Neoplasms by Histologic Type, Neoplasms, Prostate Cancer, Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer, Neoplasms, Genital Neoplasms, Male, Urogenital Neoplasms, Neoplasms by Site and 7 more

Genetic: 4SCAR-PSMA, Genetic: 4SCAR-Fra, P-PSMA-101 CAR-T cells, Drug: Rimiducid, Drug: Cyclophosphamide (Non-IMP), Drug: Fludarabine (Non-IMP), Drug: UniCAR02-T-pPSMA, Drug: UniCAR02-T (IMP)

I, II

NCT03185468, NCT04249947, NCT04429451, NCT04633148

Targeting Cervical cancer

Cervical Cancer

Biological: Cervical cancer-specific CAR-T cells

I, II

NCT03356795

Targeting Pancreatic Cancer

Pancreatic Cancer, CAR Platinum-Resistant Fallopian Tube Carcinoma, Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Carcinoma, Platinum-Resistant Primary Peritoneal Carcinoma, Recurrent Fallopian Tube Carcinoma, Recurrent Ovarian

Drug: Chimeric antigen receptor T cell

I

NCT03267173, NCT03323944

PRGN-3005

Tube Carcinoma, Recurrent Ovarian Carcinoma, Recurrent Primary Peritoneal Carcinoma, Refractory Fallopian Tube Carcinoma, Refractory Ovarian Carcinoma, Refractory Primary Peritoneal Carcinoma, Stage III Fallopian Tube Cancer AJCC v8 and 24 more

Biological: PRGN-3005 UltraCAR-T cells

I

NCT03907527

IM96

Advanced Solid Tumors, Digestive System Neoplasms, Pancreatic Cancer Resectable, Colorectal (Colon or Rectal) Cancer

Drug: IM96 CAR-T cells

I

NCT05287165

IM192

Advanced Solid Tumors, Gastric Cancer, Esophagogastric Junction Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer

Drug: IM92 CAR-T cells

I

NCT05275062

IL13Ralpha2

Clinical Stage IV Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v8, IL13RA2 Positive, Metastatic Melanoma, Cutaneous Melanoma, Stage III, Cutaneous Melanoma, Stage IV

Drug: Cyclophosphamide, Drug: Fludarabine Phosphate, Biological: IL13Ralpha2-specific Hinge-optimized 4-1BB-co-stimulatory CAR/Truncated CD19-expressing Autologous TN/MEM Cells, Drug: Recombinant Interleukin-2

I

NCT04119024

Targeting Sarcoma

Sarcoma, Osteoid Sarcoma, Ewing Sarcoma

Biological: Sarcoma-specific CAR-T

I, II

NCT03356782, NCT04433221

GPC3

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular

Drug: TAI-GPC3-CART cells

I, II

NCT02715362

Targeting Malignant Glioma

Glioma, Malignant Glioma of Brain, Recurrence Tumor

Biological: chimeric antigen receptor T cells

I

NCT03423992

MOv19-BBz

Ovarian Cancer, Fallopian Tube Cancer, Primary Peritoneal Carcinoma

Drug: MOv19-BBz CAR T cells, Device: Alpha Folate Receptor expression test

I

NCT03585764

CT041

Malignant Neoplasms of Digestive Organs

Biological: gucy2c cart cells

I

NCT04652219, NCT04780529

Gucy2c

Malignant Neoplasms of Digestive Organs

Biological: gucy2c cart cells

I

NCT04652219, NCT04780529

TM4SF1/EpCAM

Advanced Solid Tumor, Neoplasms

Biological: TM4SF1- and EpCAM-positive CAR T-cell therapy

NA

NCT04151186

CD70

Metastatic Tumor, Advanced Solid Tumor, Renal Cell Carcinoma, Ovarian Cancer, Cervix Cancer

Biological: CD70 CAR-T cells

I

NCT05468190, NCT05518253, NCT05420545

GD2/PSMA

Solid Tumor

Biological: bi-4SCAR GD2/PSMA T cells

I, II

NCT05437315

EGFR/B7H3

EGFR/ B7H3-positive Advanced Lung Cancer, EGFR/ B7H3-positive Advanced Triple-negative Breast Cancer

Biological: EGFR/B7H3 CAR-T

I

NCT05341492

ROR2

Solid Tumor, Soft Tissue Sarcoma, Gastric Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer, Bladder Cancer

Biological: CCT301-59

I

NCT03960060

OX40

Lung Cancer, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Solid Tumor

Combination Product: CpG-ODN

I

NCT04952272

HER2/PD-L1

Peritoneal Carcinoma Metastatic, Pleural Effusion, Malignant

Biological: Dual-targeting HER2 and PD-L1 CAR-T cells

I

NCT04684459

VEGFR1/PD-L1

Malignant Peritoneal Effusion, Malignant Ascites, Serous Cavity Metastatises

Biological: Dual-targeting VEGFR1 and PD-L1 CAR-T cells

I

NCT05477927

Effects on PC by gut microbiota regulation

Pancreatic Cancer, Gut Microbiota, CAR-T

NA

NA

NCT04203459

PD-L1

Glioblastoma Multiforme

Biological: Anti-PD-L1 CSR T cells, Drug: Cyclophosphamide, Drug: Fludarabine

I

NCT02937844

CD44v6

Cancers Which Are CD44v6 Positive

Biological: CD44v6-specific CAR gene-engineered T cells

I, II

NCT04427449

EBV

Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Biological: EBV-TCR-T (YT-E001) cells

II

NCT03648697

NY-ESO-1

Lung Cancer, Nonsmall Cell Recurrent

Drug: Cyclophosphamide and Fludarabine, Biological: Anti-NY-ESO-1 TCR

I

NCT03029273

GD2/CD70

Cancer Disease

Biological: bi-4SCAR GD2/CD70 T cells

I, II

NCT05438368

MUC16ecto

Solid Tumors

Procedure: Production of Genetically-modified T cells, Drug: Cyclophosphamide, Device: IP Catheter Insertion, Genetic: Infusion of 4H11-28z/fIL-12/EGFRt+ Genetically-modified T cells, Drug: Fludarabine

I

NCT02498912