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Fig. 1 | Experimental Hematology & Oncology

Fig. 1

From: Adefovir dipivoxil inhibits APL progression through degradation of the oncoprotein PML-RARA

Fig. 1

The clinical features of the specific patient, and the viability, apoptosis, and differentiation analysis of ADV to AML cells in vitro. A The first BM examination showed some abnormal promyelocytes (9.0%), with large granules and bundles of Auer rods (black arrow). B The second BM examination revealed 11.0% of abnormal promyelocytes (black arrow) on BM smears, and decreased BM hyperplasia. C The third BM examination showed increased abnormal promyelocytes on BM biopsies, which were strongly positive for myeloperoxidase. D Flow cytometry of the second BM examination showed a low proportion of abnormal myeloid cells (1.5%) within the gate defined by side scatter/ CD45 expression (red marker), which expressed myeloid markers CD117, CD33, rather than hematopoietic stem marker CD34 or human leukocyte antigen-DR isotype (HLA-DR). E The patient’s complete blood count and d-Dimer from the first to the third BM examinations, with a period more than 22 months. After 20 months since the first BM examination, d-Dimer increased obviously while hemoglobin decreased rapidly. The 2nd, the second BM examination. Hb, hemoglobin. WBC, White blood cells. PLT, platelet. F The viabilities of NB4, HL-60, primary APL and AML cells were examined with CCK-8 assay after treatment with 0, 5 and 10 µM ADV or ETV for 24 and 48 h. The graphs show cells proliferation relative to DMSO (cells treated with DMSO alone). G After treatment of 5 µM ADV for 24 h, it induced the apoptosis of NB4 cells with TUNEL assay. But the apoptosis was not increased in presence of 5 µM ETV for 48 h compared with control group (NB4 cells treated with DMSO alone). Scale bar, 25 μm. H With Wright-Giemsa staining, the typical apoptotic cells were easily found in presence of 5 µM ADV for 24 h, including condensed nuclear chromatin, nuclei shrinkage (blue arrow), nuclear fragmentation (green arrow) and apoptotic bodies (red arrow). Scale bar, 10 μm. I NB4 and HL60 cell were treated with 0.25 µM ADV for 96 h, increased expression levels of myeloid surface markers CD11b, especially on NB4 cells, were observed using flow cytometer

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