Table 4 Cytokine expression in brain metastasis
From: Immune related biomarkers for cancer metastasis to the brain
Primary Cancer | No | Model | Biomarker | Method | Sample type | Endpoint | Reference s |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Breast cancer | NA | Mouse | IL-6 | ELISA | Tissue | Enhanced possibility of brain metastasis | [52] |
Melanoma | 12 | Patient | CCR4 | IHC | Tissue | Enhanced possibility of brain metastasis | [138] |
Melanoma | NA | Mouse | IL-23 | Human Cytokine Array Panel | Cell lysate | Enhanced possibility of brain metastasis | [141] |
NSCLC | 32 | Patient | CXCR4 | IHC | Tissue | Worse survival | [143] |