Fig. 1
From: Current insight into the regulation of PD-L1 in cancer
The expression and biological function of PD-L1. PD-L1 is expressed in hematopoietic cells, including T cells, B cells, DCs, macrophages, mast cells, and many non-hematopoietic cell types. PD-1 binds to PD-L1 to induce cancer cell immune escape, proliferation, drug resistance, and autophagy, and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade can inhibit these functions