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Table 4 Possible effects of metabolism-associated agents in CLL

From: Targeting metabolic reprogramming in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Agents

Primary mechanism

Possible effects in CLL

Identifier

Statins

Competitive inhibitors of HMG-CoA reductase

Induces apoptosis of CLL cells

–

Orlistat

LPL inhibitor

Induces apoptosis of CLL cells

–

Idelalisib

Selective inhibitor of the lipid kinase PI3Kδ

Promotes apoptosis in primary CLL cells

Disrupt interactions between CLL with endothelial cells and bone marrow stromal cells

NCT01539512

Ratonavir

GLUT4 inhibitor

Induces apoptosis

NCT02948283

L-asparaginase

Glutaminase inhibition

Catalyzes the conversion of glutamine to glutamate, especially in del11q CLL cells

–

L-NAME

NOS inhibitors

Induces CLL cells apoptosis

–

Berberine

Isoquinoline alkaloid

Inhibits CLL cell activation and eventual cell death

–