Table 1 Summary of clinical trials targeting the bone marrow microenvironment in AML
From: Leukemia stem cell-bone marrow microenvironment interplay in acute myeloid leukemia development
Target | Regimen | ClinicalTrial.gov Identifier | Patient population | Phase | Response |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
VEGF | Bevacizumab + cytarabine/idarubicin | NCT 00096148 | Untreated, < 60 years | II |  |
Bevacizumab + cytarabine/mitoxantrone hydrochloride | NCT00015951 | Relapsed/refractory, ≥ 18 years | II | CR 33% | |
RTK | Sunitinib | NCT 00783653 | Untreated, FLT3-ITD, ≥ 60 years | I/II | CR + CRi 59% |
Tubulin | Combretastatin A1 + cytarabine | NCT02576301 | Relapsed/refractory, ≥ 18 years | I/II | CR + CRi 15% |
CXCR4 | Plerixafor + decitabine | NCT 01352650 | Untreated, ≥ 60 years | I |  |
Plerixafor + cytarabine/daunorubicin | NCT 00990054 | Untreated, 18–70 years | I | CR 67% | |
Plerixafor + sorafenib/G-CSF | NCT 00943943 | Relapsed/refractory, FLT3-ITD, ≥ 18 years | I | CR + CRi 36% | |
Plerixafor + mitoxantrone/etoposide/cytarabine (MEC) | NCT 00512252 | Relapsed/refractory, 18–70 years | I/II | CR + CRi 46% | |
Plerixafor + G-CSF/mitoxantrone/etoposide/cytarabine (MEC) | NCT 00906945 | Relapsed/refractory, 18–70 years | I/II | CR + CRi 30% | |
Plerixafor + cytarabine/etoposide | NCT 01319864 | Relapsed/refractory, 3–29 years | I/II |  | |
Plerixafor + G-CSF/ busulfan/fludarabine/thymoglobulin | NCT 00822770 | Allo-SCT, 18–65 years | I/II |  | |
Plerixafor + daunorubicin/clofarabine or daunorubicin/cytarabine | NCT 01236144 | Untreated, ≥ 60 years | I/II |  | |
Plerixafor + clofarabine | NCT 01160354 | Untreated, ≥ 60 years | I/II |  | |
Plerixafor + fludarabine/idarubicin/cytarabine/G-CSF (FLAG) | NCT 01435343 | Relapsed/refractory, 18–65 years | I/II |  | |
BL-8040 + cytarabine | NCT 01838395 | Relapsed/refractory, 18–75 years | II | CR + CRi 39% | |
BL-8040 + atezolizumab | NCT 03154827 | Relapsed/refractory, ≥ 60 years | Ib/II |  | |
Ulocuplumab | NCT 01120457 | Relapsed/refractory, ≥ 18 years | I | CR + CRi 51% | |
CXCL12 | CX-01 + cytarabine/idarubicin | NCT 02056782 | Untreated, ≥ 60 years | II | CR 92% |
CX-01 + cytarabine/idarubicin | NCT 02873338 | Untreated, ≥ 60 years | II | CR + CRi 89% | |
CX-01 + azacytidine | NCT 02995655 | Relapsed/refractory, ≥ 18 years | I |  | |
E-Selectin | GMI-1271 + idarubicin/mitoxantrone/etoposide/cytarabine (MEC) | NCT 02306291 | Relapsed/refractory, or untreated, ≥ 60 years | I/II |  |
GMI-1271 + mitoxantrone/etoposide/cytarabine (MEC) or fludarabine/cytarabine/idarubicin (FAI) | NCT 03616470 | Relapsed/refractory, 18–75 years | III |  | |
GMI-1271 + daunorubicin/cytarabine | NCT 03701308 | Untreated, ≥ 60 years | II/III |  | |
VLA-4 | AS101 + chemotherapy | NCT 01010373 | Untreated, ≥ 60 years | II |  |
Hypoxia | TH-302 | NCT 01149915 | Relapsed/refractory, ≥ 18 years | I | CR + CRi 5% |
PR-104 | NCT 01037556 | Relapsed/refractory, ≥ 18 years | I/II | CR + CRp 32% |