Fig. 1

Venetoclax dose-dependently impairs cell viability and synergistically promotes apoptosis in KG1 and KG1a cells when in combination with ATO. a, b, Assessment of cell viability in KG1 (a) and KG1a (b) cells treated with the indicated concentration of venetoclax (0–1,000 nM) with or without ATO (3 µM) for 48 h. Cell viability was assessed by measuring the absorbance at 450 nm after incubating the treated cells for 4 h with Cell Counting Kit-8 solution (Dojindo). Values were obtained from three independent experiments, and horizontal bars indicate mean ± s.d. *P < 0.05 versus respective control by two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test. c, d, Summary data of the percentage of apoptotic fraction in KG1 (c) and KG1a (d) cells, as assessed by Annexin V and PI staining and flow cytometric analysis after treatment with the indicated concentration of venetoclax (0–1,000 nM) with or without ATO (3 µM) for 48 h. Values were obtained from three independent experiments, and horizontal bars indicate mean ± s.d. *P < 0.05 versus control treatment by two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test. e, f, Combination index of apoptotic cells after treatment with venetoclax and ATO in KG1 (e) and KG1a (f) cells. Values were obtained by median dose–effect analysis, and each dot indicates the value obtained from six independent experiments