Table 1 Summary of the core pathways and genes in PDAC, PanNET and PanNEC

RAS/MAPK signaling

KRAS, MAP2K4

KRAS, BRAF

NF-kB signaling

NF-κB, IKK

JAK/STAT signaling

MAP4K3, TNF, BCL2

BCL2

TGFb/SMAD signaling

TGF-bR2, SMAD4

Wnt/b-catenin signaling

DKK1, HMGA2

WNT

Hedgehog signaling

SOX3,GLI1,GLI3, TBX5, LRP2

LRP2

Hippo signaling

YAP, TAZ

SWI/SNF

ARID1A

Small GTPase-dependent signaling

DEPDC2

Notch signaling

MYC, GATA6

NOTCH1, HES1

DNA damage repair

TP53, BRCA1, BRCA2

TP53, MDM2, MDM4

TP53

Cell cycle

CDKN2A, APC2, FBXW7, CHD1

CDK4, p16,p27

RB1, APC, CDKN2A, FBXW7

c-MET

MET

PI3K/AKt signaling

PTEN, PI3KCA, AKT, mTOR, TSC1/2

PTEN, PI3KCA, mTOR

Chromatin remodeling

DAXX,ATRX, MDM2

Angiogenesis pathway

HIF-1, BNIP3

HIF-1a, VEGF, PDGF, PHDs,Kit, Tie-2

Menin pathway

MEN1, MLL