Table 1 FDA-approved hormonal therapies for advanced hormone naïve prostate cancer and metastasis castration-resistant prostate cancer

Advanced, hormone naïve

Goserelin acetate

GnRH agonist

1989

[27, 28]

Leuprolide acetate

GnRH agonist

1989

[27, 29]

Histrelin acetate

GnRH agonist

1991

[27, 30]

Triptorelin pamoate

GnRH agonist

2000

[27, 31]

Abarelix

GnRH antagonist

2003

[27, 48]

Degarelix

GnRH antagonist

2008

[27, 49]

Bicalutamide

AR antagonist

1995

[27, 126]

Flutamide

AR antagonist

1989

[27, 127]

Castrate-resistant

Abiraterone acetate

CYP17 inhibitor

2011^b

[27, 94]

2012^a

[96, 99]

Enzalutamide

AR antagonist

2012^b

[27, 101]

2014^a

[102, 128]