Figure 1

A schematic representation of BCR/BTK signaling pathway. The BCR consists of a transmembrane immunoglobulin (Ig) receptor associated with the Ig-alpha (CD79a) and Ig-beta (CD79b) heterodimers. The activation of BTK and PI3 kinase after antigen binding to BCR prompts calcium release, which leads to activation of the signaling cascade. BCR: B cell receptor; BTK: Bruton’s tyrosine kinase.