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Table 2 Potential drug targets for directed therapy against metaplastic breast cancer

From: Metaplastic breast cancer: histologic characteristics, prognostic factors and systemic treatment strategies

Signaling pathways

Possible drug targets

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway

E-cadherin repressor molecules

Vimentin

MAP kinase signaling pathway

Raf protein kinase

Mitogen activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)

Mitogen activated protein kinases (ERK)

PI3K/AKT pathway

PI3 kinase

Protein kinase 3 (Akt)

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)

Epithelial growth factor pathway

Epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR)

  1. Adapted from Hennessy et al. Biphasic metaplastic sarcomatoid carcinoma of the breast. Ann Oncol. 2006, 17:605–613 [28].
  2. Sebolt-Leopold. Development of anticancer drugs targeting the MAP kinase pathway. Oncogene. 2000, 19:6594-6599 [69].