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Figure 2 | Experimental Hematology & Oncology

Figure 2

From: Tumor dormancy: potential therapeutic target in tumor recurrence and metastasis prevention

Figure 2

Role of cell cycle regulators in the cellular dormancy (“intrinsic dormancy”) mechanism. (a) In the “typical” cell cycle pathway, upregulation of CDK inhibitors, such as p21 and p27, can inhibit cells from entering the cell cycle by downregulating cyclin/CDK activation. In this scenario, cells can enter into a quiescent state (G0). The ubiquitin ligase APC/CDH1 enhances the upregulation of p21/p27 expression by increasing the degradation of Skp2 (one of the units that constitute SCF, a p21/p27/p57 inhibitor). (b) The DREAM complex in the quiescent state (G0). MuvB recruits and interacts with p130 (RB-like), E2F4, and dimerization partner (DP), forming the DREAM complex. DYRK phosphorylates MuvB and activates the DREAM complex, which triggers cells to become quiescent. DYRK also stabilizes p27Kip1 through phosphorylation and prevents cells from moving into the G1 phase by reducing the expression of cyclin D.

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