Fig. 4
Ectopic expression of VISTA augmented phagocytosis of cancer cells in two manners. (A) Phagocytosis of B cell lymphoma cell lines by THP-1 derived M2c macrophages expressing the VISTA extracellular domain (ECD) or empty vector (EV) cells. (B) Phagocytosis of B cell lymphoma cell lines by THP-1 derived M2c macrophages expressing VISTA or EV cells. (C) Increase of phagocytosis by VISTA and VISTAECD compared to EV-transduced THP-1 derived M2c macrophages in a panel of DLBCL cell lines. (D) Binding of recombinant (His tagged) human VISTA to B cell lymphoma cell lines determined using anti-His tag antibody staining (APC). (E) Percentage of phagocytosis of SU-DHL-2 (left panel) and Daudi (right panel) by VISTA-, ECD-, or EV-transduced THP-1 derived macrophages. F-G. Percent change in phagocytosis by VISTA- or ECD-transduced THP-1 derived macrophages compared to EV transduced THP-1 derived M0-like, M2-like, and M1-like macrophages in Daudi (F) and SU-DHL-2 (G) cell lines. H-I. Percentage of phagocytosis by VISTA-, ECD-, or EV-transduced CD34+ CB cell derived M2-like macrophages in Daudi (H) and SU-DHL-2 (I) cell lines. n.s., not significant. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 by student’s t-test